BRIEFLY OUTLINE THE INNERVATION OF THE LARYNX. INCLUDE IN YOUR ANSWER A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF WHAT EACH NERVE SUPPLIES.

BRIEFLY OUTLINE THE INNERVATION OF THE LARYNX. INCLUDE IN YOUR ANSWER A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF WHAT EACH NERVE SUPPLIES.

Briefly outline the innervation of the larynx. Include in your answer a general
description of what each nerve supplies.

Question 3 – Head & Neck
A 60 year old male smoker is diagnosed with an early squamous cell carcinoma of the
glottic larynx.
1. (ANAT)
a) Briefly outline the innervation of the larynx. Include in your answer a general
description of what each nerve supplies.
b) List the cartilages of the larynx.
(3 marks)
(2 marks)
2. (PATH)
a) Define squamous hyperplasia, squamous dysplasia and carcinoma in-situ.
b) Briefly describe the concept of field cancerisation and give an example.
(3 marks)
(2 marks)
3. (RCB)
The patient described above is treated with an altered fractionation schedule of
radiation therapy alone.
a) Define the following terms:
i. Accelerated fractionation
ii. Hyperfractionation
b) For this patient, describe and explain the effects of accelerated radiation
therapy schedules (compared to conventionally fractionated radiation
therapy) on acute mucosal toxicity and tumour control probability.
c) Discuss the potential effect of a pure accelerated radiation therapy schedule
on late effects.
(1 mark)
(2 marks)
(2 marks)
4. (PHY)
a) Briefly explain how increasing the source-surface distance (SSD) affects
percentage depth dose for photon beams.
b) On the same graph, draw the central axis depth dose curves for 6MV,
10MV and 18MV photon beams for a 10cm x 10cm field size at 100cm
SSD, measured in water. Show percentage and depth scales with
numerical values.
c) What effect would the addition of 1cm of build-up bolus have on the
percentage depth dose in tissue?


 

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